Juan C Carril
Camilo Jose Cela University 28692-Madrid, Spain
Title: PGx-iCard: The Intelligent Pharmacogenetic Test
Biography
Biography: Juan C Carril
Abstract
The right medication in precise doses, given at the right time, for the right patient. This is an ideal that any physician strive to reach when prescribing drugs to patients. This is particularly important for drugs that have a high risk of adverse reactions and narrow therapeutic margin. International pharmaco-economic studies conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of drugs for prevalent diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, CNS disorders, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, dementia) evidence the fact that 10-20% of direct costs in these pathologies are from pharmaceutical nature. Assuming this reality, and given that the lack of pharmacogenetic customization in conventional treatments increases the costs by 30%, presumably it concludes that the implementation of pharmacogenetic protocols in the treatment of chronic diseases, especially in disabled patients with long evolution, allow us to reduce direct and indirect pharmaceutical expenses by 25-40% depending on the primary diagnosis, concomitant diseases, clinical course of the(s) disease(s), polypharmacy, secondary intervention to mitigate adverse effects, and pharmacogenetic profile of the patient. This pharmacogenetic panel analyzes a total of 12 genes coding for seven phase I enzymes (CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP1A2, G6PD), three phase II enzymes (NAT2, UGT1A1, VKORC1) and two transporters (ABCB1, SLCO1B1). The criteria for the inclusion of polymorphisms focuses on its genotype-phenotype correlation and its impact, valued as population frequencies in the Spanish population, discarding the analysis of polymorphisms whose presence in our population is not relevant. The EuroEspes Pharmacogenetic Card works as a custom formulary for each patient, so that, with the pharmacogenetic profile of the individual, the physician can manage the most suitable drugs for any condition for which he faces and the most effective dose for the patient in question.